Strengthening Political Tolerance through a Digital-Based Democratic Education Model at Baturaja University, Indonesia

Abstract

This study analyzes the condition of political tolerance among university students in the digital era, aiming to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a digital-based democratic education model called Sahabat Demokrasi. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) design using a learning framework validated by two experts. Data were collected through surveys, in-depth interviews, and a teaching trial. Quantitative data were analyzed using pretest–posttest comparisons to assess changes in political tolerance, while qualitative data captured students’ perceptions, motivations, and learning experiences. Conducted at Baturaja University in South Sumatra, the study involved 21 Civic Education students and two expert lecturers. Results showed that students’ political tolerance was initially at a moderate level, with an average score of 3 on a 5-point scale. After one semester of implementing the Sahabat Demokrasi model, scores rose to an average of 4, reflecting enhanced openness to differences, healthier political dialogue, reduced digital provocation, and greater empathy toward opposing views. Qualitative findings supported these outcomes, showing increased participation, respectful communication, and evidence-based reasoning among students. The study recommends broader adoption of the Sahabat Demokrasi model in higher education as an innovative approach to Civic Education, supported by the development of interactive simulations and ethical dialogue guidelines to promote an inclusive and responsible democratic culture among youth.